Native North Americans include the Alaskan and Arctic peoples of the Eskimo and Aleut (northern United States and Canada), the Indian population, mainly concentrated in the central and southern parts of the continent (United States, Mexico), and the Hawaiian people living on the island of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean.

Eskimos are thought to have migrated to North America from Asia and the far reaches of Siberia at a time when Alaska and mainland Eurasia were not yet separated by the Bering Strait. Moving along the southeast coast of Alaska, ancient tribes moved deep into the North American continent, so about 5,000 years ago Eskimo tribes inhabited the Arctic coast of North America.

The Eskimos living in Alaska were mostly engaged in hunting and fishing and, weather permitting, in gathering. They hunted seals, walruses, polar bears and other representatives of the Arctic fauna such as whales, and all booty was used practically without utilization, everything was used, hides, bones and entrails. In summer they lived in tents and yarangs (dwellings made of animal skins), in winter in igloos (also a dwelling made of skins but additionally insulated with blocks of snow or ice) and were engaged in reindeer breeding. They lived in small groups consisting of several related families, worshipped evil and good spirits, shamanism was developed.